LEAD（Lakehouse v1）

LEAD 用于在同一结果集中访问后续行的列值，通常根据指定的排序获取下一行的列值。

另请参阅：LAG

Analyze 语法

func.lead(<expr>, <offset>).over(partition_by=[<columns>], order_by=[<columns>])

Analyze 示例

table.product_name, table.sale_amount, func.lead(table.sale_amount, 1).over(partition_by=table.product_name, order_by=table.sale_id).alias('next_sale_amount')

product_name | sale_amount | next_sale_amount
----------------------------------------------
Product A    | 1000.00     | 1500.00
Product A    | 1500.00     | 2000.00
Product A    | 2000.00     | NULL
Product B    | 500.00      | 800.00
Product B    | 800.00      | 1200.00
Product B    | 1200.00     | NULL

SQL 语法

LEAD(expression [, offset [, default]]) OVER (PARTITION BY partition_expression ORDER BY sort_expression)

• offset：指定从分区内当前行向前（LEAD）或向后（LAG）偏移多少行来获取值。默认为 1。

请注意，设置负偏移量与使用 LAG 函数的效果相同。

• default：指定当偏移量超出分区边界、LEAD 或 LAG 函数没有可用值时返回的值。默认为 NULL。

SQL 示例

CREATE TABLE sales (
  sale_id INT,
  product_name VARCHAR(50),
  sale_amount DECIMAL(10, 2)
);

INSERT INTO sales (sale_id, product_name, sale_amount)
VALUES (1, 'Product A', 1000.00),
       (2, 'Product A', 1500.00),
       (3, 'Product A', 2000.00),
       (4, 'Product B', 500.00),
       (5, 'Product B', 800.00),
       (6, 'Product B', 1200.00);

SELECT product_name, sale_amount, LEAD(sale_amount) OVER (PARTITION BY product_name ORDER BY sale_id) AS next_sale_amount
FROM sales;

product_name | sale_amount | next_sale_amount
----------------------------------------------
Product A    | 1000.00     | 1500.00
Product A    | 1500.00     | 2000.00
Product A    | 2000.00     | NULL
Product B    | 500.00      | 800.00
Product B    | 800.00      | 1200.00
Product B    | 1200.00     | NULL

-- The following statements return the same result.
SELECT product_name, sale_amount, LEAD(sale_amount, -1) OVER (PARTITION BY product_name ORDER BY sale_id) AS previous_sale_amount
FROM sales;

SELECT product_name, sale_amount, LAG(sale_amount) OVER (PARTITION BY product_name ORDER BY sale_id) AS previous_sale_amount
FROM sales;

product_name|sale_amount|previous_sale_amount|
------------+-----------+--------------------+
Product A   |    1000.00|                    |
Product A   |    1500.00|             1000.00|
Product A   |    2000.00|             1500.00|
Product B   |     500.00|                    |
Product B   |     800.00|              500.00|
Product B   |    1200.00|              800.00|